An involuntary bankruptcy case is typically commenced by a petition joined by at least three petitioning creditors. However, an involuntary petition may be filed by a single petitioning creditor if the debtor has 11 or fewer “qualified” creditors. This is often called the “numerosity” requirement. The Bankruptcy Code, in Section 303(b)(2), expressly defines which creditors count in the numerosity requirement. In determining whether there are 11 or fewer creditors, certain creditors are ignored, including (a) any employees of the debtor who are also creditors, (4) any “insiders” of the debtor who are creditors, and (3) any creditors who received voidable transfers under §§ 544, 545, 547, 548, or 724(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.
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